Math Core

Lesson 8.3 · Geometry and Fractions

Halves, thirds and fourths

You already know halves and fourths. Now you will learn thirds, for when 3 friends share one thing fairly.

Equal shares

When you cut a shape into parts that are all the same size, the parts are equal shares.

  • 2 equal shares: each is a half.
  • 3 equal shares: each is a third.
  • 4 equal shares: each is a fourth.
A rectangle cut into thirds.
A circle cut into thirds.

Making a whole

2 halves make a whole. 3 thirds make a whole. 4 fourths make a whole.

Same size, different shape

These squares are the same size. Both are cut in half, but in different ways. One makes 2 rectangles. One makes 2 triangles.

Two ways to cut the same square in half.

Each rectangle is half of a square. Each triangle is half of the same square. So they are the same size, even with different shapes.

Worked example: Name the share

A pizza is cut into 3 equal slices. What is each slice called?

Each slice is a third of the pizza.

Worked example: What is left?

A pie is cut into thirds. Dad eats 1 third. How many thirds are left?

There are 3 thirds. 3−1=23 - 1 = 2 thirds are left.

Worked example: Which is bigger?

Which is bigger: a third or a fourth of the same cake?

A third means 3 parts. A fourth means 4 parts. Fewer parts are bigger, so a third is bigger.

Common mistake

Parts must be the same size. A shape cut into 3 parts is only cut into thirds if all 3 parts are equal.

Practice

Practice 1

How many thirds make a whole?

Type a number.

Practice 2

A pizza is cut into 3 equal parts. What is each part called?

Practice 3

Which piece of the same cake is the smallest?

Practice 4

Ana cuts a rectangle into 3 parts. One part is much bigger than the others. Is it cut into thirds?

Practice 5

A sandwich is cut into fourths. Leo eats 2 fourths. How many fourths are left?

Type a number.

Practice 6

Two crackers are the same size. One is cut in half into 2 rectangles. The other is cut in half into 2 triangles. Which is true?

Practice 7

Two pies are each cut into thirds. How many thirds are there in all?

Type a number.